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The average input of energy per trial, regardless of the animal's choice, is set such that it is equal to the animal's normal energy expenditure.
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Overall, the average input energy of the RF system was less than half of the energy consumed during the operation of the MW system to achieve a same target temperature.
where '*' denotes complex conjugation, Pavg = E[|x|2] is the average input energy per symbol, and f(r) is the probability density function (PDF) of the envelope of the input signal into the HPA (i.e., r = |x|).
Chemical reactions commonly need an initial input of energy to begin the process.
Thus, it takes a large input of energy to break these solids, so they are termed "high energy".
The survival of a living organism depends on the continuous input of energy.
Sunlight is the primary input of energy into the planet's ecosystems.
Continual input of energy from sunlight keeps the process going.
Unlike active transport, passive transport does not require an input of energy.
However, driving thermodynamically unfavorable reactions does not come easily and requires a significant input of energy.
Nitrate assimilation requires considerable input of energy and reductants from the cellular metabolism [ 74].
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