Exact(8)
Temp refers to daily average apparent temperature.
Analyzing the association between asthma and average apparent temperature using the conditional logistic regression model showed that the previous day was the relevant exposure period.
We used linear terms to control for daily average apparent temperature and time of day and dummy variables for each day of the week and for rainy (1 May–31 October) versus dry season (1 November –30 April).
The models were all adjusted with average apparent temperature as linear and quadratic terms on lags 0 and 1, average barometric pressure on lags 0 and 1, holidays, the day after holidays, and major snow storms.
Daily average apparent temperature was consistently near 33°C (91°F) across years, whereas apparent temperature showed slight variation across seasons: 28°C during winter and 35°C during pre- and early-monsoon.
Daily average apparent temperature (AT), defined as 2.653 + (0.994 × T a) + (0.0153 × T d), where T a is air temperature (°C) and T d is dew point temperature (°C) (Kalkstein and Valimont 1986; Steadman 1979), was included as a potential confounder.
However, within-subject analyses do compare BP measures at different times and are therefore susceptible to confounding by time-varying covariates, which is why we adjusted for age, season, day of the week, time of day, and daily average apparent temperature.
The NCDC heat stress index, which extends the work of Gaffen and Ross (1998), has classified an extreme heat event as any day in which the minimum, maximum, or average apparent temperature exceeds the 85th percentile of the base period (1961 1990) for each first-order weather station included in the database.
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