A rough estimate of annual electric production in kilowatt-hours per year at a site can be calculated from a formula multiplying average annual wind speed, swept area of the turbine, the number of turbines, and a factor estimating turbine performance at the site.
The dispersion factor depends on street configuration (buildings, trees), distance to the center of the road, and average annual wind speed (see Supplemental Material, Annex B).
An important distinction between the TRP and simpler traffic metrics is the inclusion of meteorology (average annual wind speed and direction and height of the mixing layer) in addition to proximity and volume.
To determine temporal trends, we compared the average annual swimming speed for each stroke and race distance, by the top ten Swiss men and top ten Swiss women, and by the eight men and eight women competing in the FINA finals.
Long term Red Sea wind data from the comprehensive ocean atmosphere data set (COADS) reveal that average annual wind speeds at 10 m along the lower 200 km of coastline are from 6 to 7.5 m/s.
The very high average annual wind speeds occurring in offshore locations account for the superiority in the environmental performance of offshore turbines in comparison to the onshore units, despite the relatively lower environmental performance of offshore turbines than their onshore counterparts with the same CFs [15].
The climatic indicators included annual average temperature, annual average pressure, annual average relative humidity, annual average wind speed, annual sunshine hours and annual precipitation, which were obtained from the Meteorological Bureau of Shandong Province.
The data were recorded continuously using a cup generator anemometer at a height of 10 m. Figure 2 gives the whole data spread across the period considered, while Figure 3 gives the 21 years' monthly average distribution of the mean speeds, and Figure 4 gives the average annual distribution of mean speeds for the period.
Annual driving rain indices were calculated for 31 stations spread all over the country, based on the average annual rainfall and wind speed values derived from data, published by Hellenic National Meteorological Service.
