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Bed availability was calculated using a gravity model (also known as a two-step floating catchment), wherein a 60 min driving time catchment was created around each facility.
In Malawi and Mali, medicine availability was calculated as100% less the sum of reported stockout days in the past month for three essential case management medicines (artemisinin-based combination therapy, antibiotic, and oral rehydration salts) divided by a total of 90 potential stock-out days (three medicines × 30 potential stock-out days/medicine) expressed in percentage.
In contrast, when physician availability was calculated using the HA where PLWH received care, the per capita rates slightly dropped in all HAs with the exception of HA 2 which significantly dropped to 3.8 (57 % decrease), HA 5 which dropped to 3.5 (21%% decrease) and HA 3 which increased to 12.7 (23%% increase).
As illustrated in Fig. 1, when physician availability was calculated according to the HA of PLWH residence, for every one physician, HA 1 had approximately 2.4 PLWH, HA 2 had 9.0, HA 3 had 10.3, HA 4 had 4.4 and HA 5 had 4.5.
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For the simulation, the locally available solar irradiation is estimated by employing solar engineering formulations and the NG availability is calculated by thermodynamics correlations.
According to [5] availability is calculated as the percentage of time an application and its services are available, given a specific time interval.
Water availability is calculated as a sigmoid function of soil water potential ranging from 0% at the species-specific permanent wilting point (PWP = -1.5 MPa for mesic region plant species, -6.5 for arid region species, based on [ 86]) to 100% at field capacity (-0.036 MPa) as WA = 1/(1 + exp(r/ PWP·(Ψ - PWP) + s)), with fitted parameters r = 12.5 and s = 5.3 (Fig. 9).
Based on the status of vehicles in every minute, EV availabilities are calculated by hour and by quarter accordingly.
Weighted average availabilities were calculated for geographic areas by adjusting for the 1990 population size of each included country.
In order to assess the relative difference compared to the reference current availability, a ratio of the six-month period to the current availability estimate was calculated.
A "Resource Availability Score" was calculated as the percentage of resources available in each hospital.
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