The phrase "availability of the cofactor" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used in scientific or biochemical contexts when discussing the presence or accessibility of a cofactor necessary for a biochemical reaction or process.
Example: "The availability of the cofactor is crucial for the enzyme's activity in the metabolic pathway."
Alternatives: "presence of the cofactor" or "accessibility of the cofactor".
Decreased availability of the cofactor NADPH could induce or exacerbate intracellular oxidative stress (1).
Similarly, the activity of dehydrogenase enzymes, including 5-hydroxyeicosanoid dehydrogenase (5-HEDH) and 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH), depends on the availability of the cofactor NAD(P)+ which increases after exposure of cells to oxidative stress or, in phagocytic cells, during the activation of respiratory burst [ 49– 51].
Furthermore, a down-regulation of non-crucial enzymes that use NADPH as cofactor would result in higher availability of the cofactor for other more critical reactions, such as the use of NADPH by the thioredoxin and glutathion/glutaredoxin systems to defend the cells against stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 37].
By overexpression of nadE (NAD synthetase gene), the availability of the intracellular cofactor pool (NAD(H/+)) significantly increased, and delivered approximately three times higher power output than the original strain (increased from 10.86 μW/cm2 to 40.13 μW/cm2).
Tyrosine hydroxylase is the rate limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis (Friggi-Grelin et al., 2003) and its activity is limited by the availability of the BH4 cofactor (Kumer and Vrana, 1996).
This result suggested that either the expression level of hbd in Strain Set #1 was insufficient for production of the first two pathway intermediates AcAcCoA and 3HB-CoA, or that availability of the redox cofactor NADH was limiting the activity of the hbd-encoded enzyme.
Thus, these data confirm that NfsA could be up to 20-fold more effective than NfsB for prodrug activation gene therapy with CB1954, although clearly the actual benefit will depend on the relative availability of the reduced cofactors in the cell.
Thus, the availability and form of the cofactor can explain differences in the Vmax of the reaction.
The roles played by Sirt1 in muscle differentiation and adaptation to environmental cues have been mostly explained by changes in Sirt1 activity modulated by the availability of its cofactor NAD+ under the control of AMPK, thus sensing the redox and energy state of the cell [ 23].
The active form of FA, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate restores the function of uncoupled eNOS by increasing the availability of its cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4)[ 27].
The availability of efficient cofactor recycling strategies for NADH-regeneration in BVMO-catalyzed oxidations, e.g. by the formate dehydrogenase from Candida boidinii, were also exploited.
