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5. Less cargo handled means fewer import and export activities which lead to the reduction of import and export duties collected by customs.
Additionally, the import, export, birth and death of animals are recorded.
The incremental cost of import and export over domestic shipments is measured in both absolute and ad valorem terms.
The resulting distributions of import and export currents are shown in fig. 5.
Import, export".
Trade openness is measured as the sum of imports and exports divided by total output ((imports + exports)/output).Figures 4 and 5 present data on the import penetration and export intensity indices at the industry level.
The difference in silage maize production between the two scenarios, self-sufficiency and import/export, again reveals the impact of importing and exporting agricultural goods in Austria.
We also use an index of openness, the ratio of imports and exports over GDP.
The dollar exchange rate affects the cost of imports and exports of gas.
Regulatory trade barriers (i. Non-tariff trade barriers; ii. compliance cost of importing and exporting).
In the literature, there are variations of nuclear import and export signals, only some of which comply with the classical import/export concept.
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