Therefore, we refer to marker M B (1 ) as an orthogonal causal anchor (OCA) with respect to the edge A → B. We will argue that the availability of orthogonal causal anchors significantly improves the recovery of the causal signal (see the simulations in Additional File 1).
Reconstruction of ancestral karyotypes at various positions along the amniote (reptiles, birds and mammals) phylogenetic tree has been made possible by the large number of cross-species chromosome painting and gene mapping studies that have been carried out over the last 20 years, and more recently from the availability of sequenced and anchored genomes.
The availability of two membrane anchors connected by a long coiled-coil allows BST2 to efficiently inhibit viral transmission by tethering newly formed virions at the infected cell surface and preventing their release to the surrounding environment (Hinz et al., 2010; Schubert et al., 2010; Yang et al., 2010).
With time, their use would provide better anchors (availability of established tool compounds; knowledge on AO on the tissue level) to allow better use of anchor-dependent approaches.
The common challenges in location estimation are measurement noise, availability of accurate timing models and anchor uncertainty.
In addition to providing a better understanding of the organization, function, and evolution of a large and polyploid genome, the availability of a high-quality sequence anchored to genetic maps will accelerate the identification of genes underlying important agronomic traits.
However, this limitation was recently overcome with the availability of the well assembled and anchored opossum (M.
The possible use of heuristics of representativeness, availability, and anchoring and adjustment in each diagnostic process is also analysed.
Another critical aspect in contig anchoring is the availability of a high-density genetic map with a sufficient number of molecular markers covering evenly the whole genome.
Simvastatin-induced cell death of hATF is not mediated by reduced cholesterol synthesis per se, rather is tied to limiting the availability of isoprenoid chains needed for membrane anchoring of Ras superfamily GTPases.
