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A complete denervation of the autonomic input to the liver had no overall effects on the basal expression level of clock genes and output genes.
The present study clearly shows that light affects liver metabolism also through autonomic input and not solely via light-induced corticosterone secretion.
In both conditions this hyperglycemic effect of PVN stimulation could be prevented by a selective denervation of the sympathetic autonomic input to the liver [21].
The effects of stress were similar before and after GF/V injection in each animal group, suggesting that GFs did not affect the autonomic input to the regenerated heart.
Then, by selectively removing the autonomic innervation to the liver, we demonstrated that light affects liver gene expression not only via the hormonal pathway but also via the autonomic input.
We found that dispersion of refractoriness was similar in treated and untreated animals, as were the indirect indexes of autonomic input to the heart (SDRR and r-MSSD), signifying that GFs did not alleviate arrhythmia susceptibility by affecting repolarization heterogeneity [46] or cardiac sympathetic activity [47].
Similar(40)
Heart rate is initiated in the sinoatrial (SA) node pacemaker and is modulated by autonomic inputs: parasympathetic cholinergic neurons decrease heart rate via the vagus nerve, and sympathetic adrenergic neurons increase heart rate.
If a hypothetical clearinghouse for somatic inputs in the aI were disrupted, it might weaken the influence of autonomic inputs, such as withdrawal effects (Garavan 2010), on consciously controlled behavior.
The aI may emphasize, in relative terms, processing of internal visceral and motivational information relevant for consciously controlled behavior, such as autonomic inputs, fear, emotion, and hunger (Paulus and Stein 2010).
In this classic neuroendocrine circuit, limbic and hypothalamic brain structures coordinate emotional, cognitive, neuroendocrine and autonomic inputs, which together determine the magnitude and specificity of an individual's behavioral, neural and hormonal responses to stress.
Therefore, we used two common indices of HRV in the present analyses: SDNN, which is a time-domain measure of overall HRV, and HF power (0.15 0.4 Hz) of HRV, which is a frequency domain measure believed to reflect mainly the vagal (parasympathetic) part of the autonomic nervous input to the heart.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com