All authors contributed to the critical evaluation of the methods, analysis and writing.
The aim of this perspective paper is to describe the authors' experience in the design and conduct of twelve PASS that contributed to the evaluation of the benefit-risk of vaccines in real-world settings.
ZL carried out animal experiments and contributed to the evaluation of treatment effects and is co-first author.
ZENG Zhao-Jun carried out animal experiments and contributed to the evaluation of treatment effects and is co-first author.
MH contributed to the evaluation of the results.
FP contributed to the evaluation of the manuscript.
All authors contributed to the design and evaluation of the program and read and approved the final manuscript.
Both authors contributed to the development of algorithms and evaluation methods.
Both authors contributed to the design of the methods described above, to the analysis of the evaluation study, and to the writing of the manuscript.
All authors contributed to the development and critical evaluation of the study protocol.
