One of the great pioneers of the early music revival, Frans Brüggen, who has died aged 79, was celebrated equally for his virtuoso recorder playing and his stylistically authoritative conducting.
The most authoritative survey, conducted by the Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources of the National Academy of Sciences, found a 40percentt drop in animal use over a decade - from 33 million mammals and birds in the fiscal year 1968 to 20 million in 1978.
The most authoritative study conducted on the disorder and Vietnam veterans, in 1988, the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study, estimated that at the time, 500,000 of the 3.14 million Americans who served in Vietnam had P.T.S.D., and a total of 1 million had experienced it at some point.
Lest we forget, these awful numbers are coming out at a time when the financial incentive to buy could hardly be stronger: the fixed rate on a 30-year mortgage is at an incredibly low 4.36 percent, according to an authoritative survey conducted by Freddie Mac.
Dallas L. Salisbury, president of the Employee Benefits Research Institute, which conducts authoritative studies of pensions, calculated that the average 401(k) portfolio probably shrank by only about 10percentt in the third quarter.
Although the final numbers may differ slightly, they are among the key findings likely to be published next week in the most authoritative report ever conducted into climate science – the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) fifth assessment, known as AR5.
This article is based on observations drawn from reports of clinical trials, both published and unpublished; authoritative advice for conducting trials; my own experience of submitting research to ethics committees, judging research protocols in funding organizations and sitting in Finnish ethics committees.
Nobody is there to conduct an authoritative tally, Ross candidly says, "because it is far too dangerous".
In 2008 a group of highly respected economists and scientists led by Pavan Sukhdev, then a senior Deutsche Bank economist, conducted an authoritative economic analysis of the value of biodiversity.
This has been somewhat surprising as authoritative reports from groups conducting population-based longitudinal studies have indicated that ATH risk factors including hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, when present in midlife, are strongly predictive for the development of AD in late life [ 4- 6].
Validity means that the collective choice in fact expresses the will of the electorate; reliability refers to each vote's being accurately recorded and effectively counted; and legitimacy means that the criteria of validity and reliability have been met, so that the result of the voting is acceptable and provides authoritative guidelines in subsequent political conduct.
