We intend to demonstrate that drought can be better characterized by augmenting climate metrics with an index of water supply, which is a combination of runoff and recharge, often an acute impact, and an index of landscape stress, which is more of an extended and cumulative condition.
We stress the necessity of augmenting climate-level uncertainties of emission scenario, multi-model, and natural variability with uncertainties arising due to non-linearities in smaller-scale processes.
Our benchmark specification is a gravity model augmented with climate variables.
In particular, we estimate a gravity-type model augmented with climate variables while controlling for the established socioeconomic factors.
The contribution to the reduction of stormwater runoff and the heat-island effect may even augment with climate change.
Large scale natural and man-made catastrophic events, triggered or augmented by regional conflicts, climate change and new disease strains appear to be steadily increasing in intensity and frequency.
Rajouri falls in Western Himalaya wherein agricultural fields are lying adjacent to the riverbanks and climate change has augmented catastrophic floods in the region causing a rise in soil and nutrients loss (Sharma and Rai 2004; Editorial 2015).
After Americans were immobilized by the terrors of 9/11, augmented by a prolonged, manufactured climate of fear, the Bush Administration subjected them to repeated incidents of psychological drowning.
National parks and wildlife refuges already put extensive resources into education and outreach for environmental, ecological, and cultural subjects (Baron and others 2008; Scott and others 2008), and these efforts could be augmented to inform the public about climate change.
In contrast, eTank, a daily water balance model was developed to produce potential rainwater savings, augmented townwater supply, tank overflow, reliability and payback period for three distinct climate conditions (dry, average and wet years).
