Sentence examples for auditory error from inspiring English sources

Research on auditory error signals such as the MMN has been extensively reviewed from the predictive coding perspective in several reviews (e.g. Garrido et al., 2009; Winkler et al., 2009; Wacongne et al., 2012; Schröger et al., 2014).

Of significance is that one of these areas, CM, has been suggested to respond selectively to auditory feedback error.

Part II: To test the role this pathway might play in processing auditory feedback error, and to settle potential controversies in the field regarding an area (Ad) which lies adjacent to the AIV, the authors then perform a number of careful targeted lesions to both the AIV and Ad and test the effect of these lesions on song performance and learning.

One could envisage, for example, that HVC only processes auditory feedback errors if these occur for a critical amount of time.

This was precluded in the above simulations by setting the precision or gain of efferent proprioceptive prediction errors (that drive motor reflexes) to a very low value (a log precision of minus eight), in contrast to auditory prediction errors (with a log precision of two).

Calculating the mutual information of our two fictive sequences (see next section for details of this calculation) gives the following result: Sequence 1 (20% errors, auditory feedback on all errors) gives MI = 0.722; Note that this is the same as H o) because there is no uncertainty in the outcome after feedback (i.e., H(o| f) is zero).

Sequence 2 (20% errors, no feedback on errors, auditory feedback on 20% of correct responses) gives MI = 0.057.

Auditory feedback was error correcting and provided by a voice assisted CPR manikin.

While healthy participants performed visual vigilance tasks, auditory noise decreased omission error only in one study [21], but decreased commission error only in another study [34].

One way to address this would be to investigate performance errors committed in the absence of auditory feedback: if these errors also elicit the positivity, this potential cannot reflect auditory novelty processing.

Whether this potential is related to later processing stages of tactile and/or auditory feedback of the error, or simply due to the processing of an oddball stimulus (leading to an involuntary reallocation of attention) remains to be clarified.