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By segmenting audio signals into heavily overlapped (31/32) frames and extracting a 32-bit sub-fingerprint from 33 Bark-scale frequency sub-bands of each frame according to the energy differences between sub-bands, PRH exhibits a certain robustness when audio lengths are stretched from −4% to +4%a on a small dataset consisting of only four music excerpts.
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T denotes the audio length in seconds, and β is a weight factor set to 999.9 [41].
The length of the audio recorded from each performer was 305 s on average, and the total audio length was 1218 s.
T denotes the audio length in seconds, and β is a weight factor set at 999.9, as in the ATWV proposed by NIST [66].
T denotes the audio length in seconds, and β is a weight factor set to 999.9, as in the ATWV proposed by NIST [4].
Table 2 Item features Dialog length (in syllables) Audio length (in seconds) Speech rate (syllables per 60 s) Number of turns Total option length (in characters) Real-life authenticity rating Mean 67.02 25.42 158.19 5.13 40.92 4.42 SD 0.81 0.32 2.11 0.86 0.84 0.35 Min.
T denotes the audio length in seconds (i.e., the number of seconds of the corresponding speech files where the terms are searched) and β is a weight factor set to 999.9, as in the ATWV proposed by NIST [5].
where k means the k th auditory image, and N block is the total number of blocks of the query clip or the original music piece, which is variable and determined by the audio length.
Each scenario was digitally recorded and is 10 13 s in audio length.
The accuracy is averaged over every possible BR1 in the dataset, thus providing a fair overall index of classification accuracy, that can be used to compare different methods and show a clear performance trend for different audio segment lengths.
Two primary performance measures of the proposed system will be investigated in this study; the ability of the system to reduce audio record lengths and also the "destructiveness" of the system, i.e. the extent to which the system erroneously removes cough sounds and how this compares to the differences seen between experienced manual cough counters.
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