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Although HVN patients were more likely to voluntarily drop out (9.7% vs. 4.7%), there was little attrition difference due to death (18.3% vs. 18.0%) or involuntary disenrollment (10.7% vs. 9.4%).
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Lastly, this study did not measure attrition differences between rural and urban areas, or attrition and reasons for resignation by gender, which are important areas where further research would be particularly valuable.
Figure 1 illustrates the historical trends in overall STEM and Non-STEM worker attrition rate differences across the federal workforce and for this study's model base-case high-density STEM organization, NASA.
We used χ-statistics or the t-test for independent samples to analyze the extent of selective attrition, and differences in the use of invasive coronary procedures across characteristics of respondents.
Attrition bias: Differences between individuals that are followed up and those who dropout is a concern, and may result in between-arm bias in estimates particularly if dropout is unequal between the two trial arms and analysis fails to take into account appropriate adjustment for missing data.
Information about the treatment and control differences, attrition rate, standard deviation and the interclass correlation coefficient that is needed for a sample size calculation in a subsequent randomized controlled trial.
**High attrition; completers analysis; difference in baseline age between groups.
Follow-up of study units from enrolment to study completion minimizes the risk of attrition bias (systematic differences between groups in withdrawals from a study/loss of samples).
We then used a linear mixed-effects regression model to refine this comparison and to compensate for data attrition linked to differences in the numbers of serial samples analyzed for each patient (n = 1 9).
Nevertheless, analysis of attrition showed no differences in distribution of baseline-characteristics between patients who remained in the study and patients who dropped out.
For the purposes of future follow-ups, a new control group in addition to the longitudinal controls is needed due to attrition and accumulating differences in social and economic surroundings.
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