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The peak at 580 cm−1 is attributed to vibration of the sulfate anions which ionized from the oxidizing agent (PPS) during the polymerization process; the ionized sulfate ions linked to nitrogen atoms in PANI by ionic bond which explains why PANI doped in part of it [31, 32, 34, 35, 36, 37].
The most intense absorption band in this region, located at 1062 cm−1, attributed to vibration band of C-O bond, is the only absorption band of PEG200 which is faintly visible in the FT-IR spectra of IOMNPS (Fig. 5a).
There is divergence about the region at 1316 cm 1, which can be attributed to vibration of the CH2 group of cellulose [ 35].
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The vibration bands at around 2803, 1381, and 1349 cm−1 are attributed to vibrations of CH2 species.
Three peaks at 2980 2870 can1 can be attributed to vibrations in C H bonds of organic components.
Absorption in the range from 1160 to 1000 cm− 1 has been attributed to vibrations of CO group.
In the ACA-500-S@PANi spectrum, the characteristic peaks at 1576 and 1493 cm−1 are attributed to vibrations of the quinoid ring and benzene ring, respectively.
Two nearby peaks at 1,350 and 1,380 cm−1 are attributed to vibrations of bridging oxygen between the [TeO3] and [TeO4] groups.
The most intense peak located at 1521 cm−1 (Fig. 8a) can be attributed to vibrations of completely symmetrical bonds, such as symmetric valence Ca = Cв vibrations in benzene rings and Ca = Nв vibrations in pyrrole structures [32].
A very intense and wide complex-shaped band in the region of 1250 980 cm−1 is a superposition of several bands attributed to vibrations of Si O Si and Si O Al fragments [39].
As showed in Figure 3c, the peaks at 1,556 and 3,300 cm−1 were attributed to bending vibration and stretching vibrating of N-H groups of amide, respectively.
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