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This provided strong indirect evidence of higher pain management needs in the TKA group, although the reason for this difference cannot be attributed to surgery.
The remaining 2723 48.755%) of 5585 cases not included in the analysis were pending completion or excluded as terminal care or incorrectly attributed to surgery.
Thus, they do not allow assessment of the extent to which improvements in symptoms could be attributed to surgery, or of whether patients with particular neurophysiological abnormalities benefitted more from surgical treatment.
In oncology, it has been estimated that at least half of the curative impact of treatment can be attributed to surgery; however, surgical studies receive only 2.8% of UK cancer funding (source of data: Cancer Research UK 2012).
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These abnormalities were mostly attributed to malignancy, surgery, or radiation.
Approximately 35% of these cases could be attributed to unsuccessful surgery or immobilization.
36 The modes of follow-up are critical, 32 as are completeness and accuracy of data collection, which can lead to loss of follow-up and various misclassification biases (for example, outcomes of difficult operative cases being attributed to revision surgery or a medical device).
The PMI could not be solely attributed to coronary surgery (whether on- or off-pump), as it might also be associated with isolated valvular surgeries, although this association is not common [ 9, 10]; McGregor et al. reported an incidence of 4% with valvular surgeries [ 10].
Thus, We think that 2 jaw surgery patients with preexisting TMJ symptoms can have therapeutic effect exclusively attributed to the surgery unless the existence of acute and severe TMD before the surgery.
It seems that most moderate - severe pain is attributed to orthopaedic surgery, followed by hernior-rhaphy, laparoscopy and other types of surgery lasting more than 59 minutes (Table 8).
It will take one or more large, randomized trials comparing long-term changes in memory and thinking skills among people undergoing bypass surgery, those with heart disease but no surgery, and those without heart disease to tease out how much of this can be attributed to bypass surgery, heart disease, and aging.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com