Such a profile could be the result of riboswitching [ 85], attenuation-like mechanisms [ 86] or simply the higher stability (i.e. reduced susceptibility to the mRNA turnover machinery) that is often associated with structured regions [ 87].
If an attenuation-like mechanism underlies the observed decrease in SinR protein levels due to UCN codons, such a mechanism is expected to also decrease levels of the sinR mRNA.
While the hypothesis that ribosome pausing at these codons decreases translation elongation rate and thus SinR protein levels is the more intriguing possibility, an alternative hypothesis that pausing decreases sinR transcription via an attenuation-like mechanism has not been ruled out.
Lim, L. W. et al. Attenuation of fear-like response by escitalopram treatment after electrical stimulation of the midbrain dorsolateral periaqueductal gray.
Furthermore, we demonstrated that ATRA treatment suppressed the ALDH1A1-p62 ands, and thereby inhibited NRF2 activation, resulting in the attenuation of CSC-like properties only in ALDH1-high ovarian cancer cells.
Second, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) suppressed ALDH1 expression, inhibiting NRF2 activation, which led to the attenuation of CSC-like properties in ALDH-H cells but not in ALDH-L cells.
Thus, although low-frequency electrical stimulation of the PFC alters VTA activity, leading to attenuation of depressive-like manifestations, a specific stimulation pattern affecting VTA cell programming is important for long-term efficacy.
Recently it has been reported that autophagy induction by SIRT6 through attenuation of insulin-like growth factor signaling is involved in human bronchial epithelial cell senescence (Takasaka et al., 2014).
Our SEM analyses suggest that, in relation to the attenuation of depression-like behavior, reduced BLA output and low anxiety are critical factors determining the engagement of newborn cells differentially affecting proliferative potential and survival.
Attenuation of insulin-like signaling extends lifespan in C. elegans.
In C. elegans, attenuation of insulin-like signaling induces a so-called dauer larval stage.
