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Direction bias scores (signifying initial orienting of attention) were calculated by computing the number of trials when the first fixation was directed onto the food image as a proportion of all trials in which the first fixation was made to either image (proportion scores >0.5 reflect an orienting bias toward food images; 0.5=no bias; <0.5 reflect an orienting bias toward non-food images).
For the THI-12 a total score and the three subscores for 'Emotional reaction', 'Social activities and communication', and 'Focused attention' were calculated.
Subsequently, compound scores for global cognitive function (Cognitive Index), memory (verbal and visuospatial memory) and executive function (psychomotorspeed, fluency, inhibition and attention) were calculated.
Four measures of joint attention were calculated: number of shared looks per minute (shared look rate); percentage time spent in shared looks (shared look intensity); number of periods of shared attention per minute (shared attention rate); and percentage time spent in shared attention (shared attention intensity).
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The 16% tax rate that is receiving wide attention is calculated by the GAO as total taxes paid divided by "net income". However, the real taxable income or tax base (as intended in the tax code) is different from "net income" because, as discussed in the previous paragraph, it allows companies with positive net incomes to further write off losses incurred in previous years, using the NOLD.
11 The score for Divided Attention was calculated by multiplying the proportion of visual stimuli found by the proportion of auditory stimuli counted, multiplied by 10 (with 10 signifying a perfect score).
Attention bias scores were calculated from response times to probes for each emotional face type.Compared to healthy youths, anxious participants demonstrated a greater attention bias toward threat faces.
To test for the main effect of spatial attention, t tests were calculated for the difference between "Attend_Left" and "Attend_Right" for each grid point in the respective time-frequency windows.
All subscale scores were calculated, but Hyperactivity, Attention Problems, Aggression, Conduct Problems, and Atypicality subscales were selected for analysis a priori because these symptoms often co-exist with ADHD (Cunningham and Jensen 2011; Volker et al. 2010).
Notwithstanding these shortcomings, the crude and average annual age-standardized incidence rates for prostate cancer in all the zones were calculated to draw attention to the exact nationwide character of the disease.
Descriptive statistics were calculated.
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