The attained yields, however, were limited at low feed rates by suppressed catalyst activity in the absence of hydrogen.
Studies using 1H NMR confirm this trend, and the reactions attained yields of 89 and 6% by transesterification, and 100 and 82% by esterification when BuSnCl3 and Bu2SnCl2 were used as catalysts, respectively.
A reliable change in scores by which at least the upper limit of a functional status is attained yields a criterion for a successful treatment [ 9].
At 72 h, ethanol levels in the bacterial challenged systems without phage treatment (infection control) were 11.7 % (w/v), whereas the phage-treated systems attained yields of ~13.5%% w/v, comparable to the infection-free control cultures (Fig. 4a).
We established the optimization technique attaining yield of 2600 kg ha−1 in the tests as following: density of 28 350–31 650 plants ha-1, and supplements of N, P and K of 363-387, 98.58-105.48 and 280.20-319.8 kg ha−1, respectively.
The financial benefits of adopting improved cattle technologies are also limited by the capability of smallholders to attain yields similar to the ones derived from experimental stations.
Thus, intensive tilapia farming attain yields that exceed 10 tonnes/ha; semi-intensive 2.5-5.0 tonnes/handand extensive farming in reservoirs produce less than 1.5 tonnes/ha.
The production of ethanol from glycerol attained a yield of 85% of the theoretical maximum (the maximum theoretical yield is 1 mol each of H2 and ethanol per mol of glycerol fermented) in both strains [ 43].
The trend of yields from 1992 to 1998 suggests a possible reduction of the fishing intensity F, from near the level required to attain maximum yield, where it seems to be not profitable, towards the level required to attain the optimum economic yield.
Then, several mass integration strategies are proposed to attain maximum yield.
After all, we have not only successfully constructed a methionine-producing C. glutamicum strain by genetic manipulation, but also revealed cellular constraints in attaining high yield and productivity.
