This work develops a new bi-objective, bi-level integer programming model, taking into account the interests of PT users and operators in attaining optimization of PT timetable synchronization integrated with vehicle scheduling and considering user demand assignment.
To do so, optimization methodologies are a trendy mechanism because they allow attaining optimal solutions given a certain set of input parameters and variables.
Desirability function was used to attain simultaneous optimization of both responses.
A solution procedure using genetic algorithm efficiently, with a defined objective-function to attain the optimization, is proposed to solve this cumbersome problem.
The general problem can be formulated as a non-convex nonlinear program (NLP), but due to the presence of bilinear terms, it may be difficult for local optimization solvers to attain global optimal solutions.
Since the optimal design for the end-to-end system cannot be analytically obtained in closed form due to the non-monotonic nature, we relax the optimization problem and attain sub-optimal designs in closed form.
This optimization is achieved by a linear programming approach [ 10, 11] and FBA can be mathematically represented by Eq. (15): 15 in which vector c dictates a linear relationship between fluxes of J that forms the objective function Z. J min and J max are vectors of minimum and maximum values, respectively, that any flux of vector J can attain during this optimization.
Additionally, a convex optimization approximation is proposed which has shown to attain close-to-optimal performance with even lower computational complexity.
The results are advantageous in the evaluation of EDS design and its optimization to attain maximum dust removal efficiency.
To achieve long-run sustainability of energy supply, the key idea of this paper is to investigate exergy assessments in DES design optimization to attain rational use of energy resources while considering energy qualities of supply and demand.
Based on the results of simultaneous optimization to attain the highest ratio of ECPR (96.35%) and ETP (30.60 %), the values of 29.9 g/L, 29.6 °C and 165.5 rpm were respectively predicted for sorbent dosage, sorption temperature and agitation power, and subsequently certified through experimental rechecking survey.
