Sentence examples for atoms which act from inspiring English sources
The magnetism in ferromagnetic materials is caused by the alignment patterns of their constituent atoms, which act as elementary electromagnets.
Based on microstructure and morphology analysis, it is found that, the average diameter of nanorods is less than 40 nm, which is favorable for the effective migration and separation of photogenerated carriers, while their lateral {110} facets contain abundant unsaturated 4c-Ti atoms which act as active sites for water splitting.
This could be due to the removal of excess arsenic atoms which act as effective nonradiative recombination centers.
As all our samples contain networks of sp 2 bonded carbon atom rings, we believe that the D peak is mainly activated by the F atoms which act as vacancies in these sp 2 rings.
Based on molecular dynamics and theoretical calculations, we and others have suggested that increased affinity of thioaptamer may be attributed to the decreased interaction of solvated cations with the sulfur atoms, which act as softer Lewis bases on the polyanionic backbone [40].
We selected six nonmetallic heteroatoms (N, B, O, S, P, F) with various electron negativities to investigate their effects on the adjacent C atoms, which act as the active sites for HER Supporting Informationn, Figure S1).
The higher electronegativity of nitrogen atom withdraws electrons from adjacent carbon atom creating positive carbon atom which acts as active site for activation of ({mathrm{O}_2}) molecule in ORR [85].
In the diamond-like structure called cubic boron nitride (tradename Borazon), boron atoms exist in the tetrahedral structure of carbons atoms in diamond, but one in every four B-N bonds can be viewed as a coordinate covalent bond, wherein two electrons are donated by the nitrogen atom which acts as the Lewis base to a bond to the Lewis acidic boron III) centre.
In an electroless copper bath containing a formaldehyde (HCHO) reducing agent, the ABSPd2+ complex is reduced to product Pd0 atoms, which then act as catalysts and initiate the deposition of copper metal.
Tetrapyrrole rings possess four nitrogen atoms, two of which act as Bröndsted bases in acidic media.
X-ray irradiation causes the generation of vacancies and interstitial atoms in silicon, which act as stoppers for the movement of dislocations.
