But stable atoms are only the end product of reactions that involve scores of short-lived radioactive particles.
In the relatively low density of the photosphere and higher up, where atoms are only illuminated from below, the electrons tend to fall to the ground state, since excitation is low.
In a liquid the constituent atoms are only slightly farther apart than they are in a solid, but that small difference is significant enough to allow the atoms or molecules that constitute a liquid to move around and to assume a full range of geometric configurations.
Hydrogen atoms are only used to validate the completeness of finished molecules.
Peaks associated with Zn and O atoms are only observed in this EDS spectrum, which confirms that the nanoparticles are purely ZnO.
The residue part of the complex is represented only partly in the tree: In contrast to the ligand, whose atoms are all considered in the tree generation, the residue atoms are only included if they interact with any ligand atom.
It should be mentioned that in our previous BE model [23], we assumed that the atoms in a nanoparticle can be classified as the exterior and the interior atoms, where the exterior atoms is only the first layer of nanoparticles.
With the decreasing of Al2O3, the NbB2 shows good crystalline with large size and there appears to cubic-Al2O3 crystallization, so the O atoms are only formed by the Al-O bond.
Here, the ( min ) expression selects the atom detected in the noisy (or denoised) image, which is nearest to the one detected in the ground truth and the comparison with Δ c min ensures that atoms are only matched if their distance is less than half the minimum inter-atomic distance.
As in the definition of the detection fraction (26), here the ( min ) expression selects the nearest atom and the thresholding operator ( {Y}_{frac{1}{2}varDelta {c}_{min }} ) ensures that atoms are only matched if their distance is less than half the minimum inter-atomic distance.
