Sentence examples for atmosphere attenuation from inspiring English sources
Secondly the selection of the laser power is derived based on the elements such as atmosphere attenuation, and the sensitivity, image contrast and signal-to-noise ratio in the detector.
Even in clean and clear atmosphere a major attenuation process is Rayleigh scattering of air molecules a process that is inversely proportion to the fourth power of wavelength, λ (i.e., scattering α λ −4).
Above 10 gigahertz under clear air conditions, attenuation is caused mainly by atmospheric absorption losses; these become large when the transmitted frequency is of the same order as the resonant frequencies of gaseous constituents of the atmosphere, such as oxygen (O2), water vapour (H2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2).
During such occultation events, the planetary atmosphere causes bending and attenuation of the radio waves.
The calculations also took into account exponential contrast attenuation by atmospheres of different meteorological ranges.
This spectrum is further modified by the attenuation in the atmosphere and the detector's response.
The method uses a model of radar sampling of the atmosphere that accounts for path attenuation and radar measurement geometry.
Therefore, the source of the signal is inferred to be between 26 and 70 km, and could be higher if there is strong attenuation in the atmosphere.
Below 40 km the defocusing loss and the attenuation by the atmosphere limits the quality of the observation, and 32 km is the lowest accessible altitude, below which the radius of curvature of the ray path becomes smaller than the distance to the planet center (Fjeldbo et al., 1971; Häusler et al., 2006).
The visibility range predictions in Figure 16 do not take into account the diminution in contrast due to attenuation by the atmosphere.
During such occultation events the neutral and ionized atmospheres of the planet cause bending, attenuation and scintillation of the radio waves, from which information on the atmosphere along the ray path is obtained.
