Pyranometers were installed vertically at four orientations and horizontally at tank-top (control) to monitor solar-energy input.
Similarly, Vukadinovic and Pantic stacked Gabor responses at eight orientations and six scales into a feature vector [44].
Habitat verticality induces notable variations in solar-energy capture at four orientations by daily total, peak level, intensity, duration and timing.
It also allowed us to examine the texture energy at four orientations (0°, 45°, 90°, 135°) to gain insight about the details of the anisotropy.
The experiment was designed for determining the effects of inclination angles on the heat transfer coefficients and friction factors at seven orientations (θ = − 90°, −60°, −30°, 0°, 30°, 60° and 90°), six Reynolds numbers (Re ≈ 420, 840, 1290, 1720, 2190 and 2630) within the range of Grashof numbers from 6.8 × 103 to 4.1 × 104.
To assess orientation selectivity, the moving bar of light was presented to each eye separately at four orientations centered around the optimal (0°, 45°, 90° and 135°).
The preferred orientation of the cell or cells cluster was determined using drifting square-wave gratings presented at eight orientations, each presented in two motion directions (16 stimuli in total, 22.5 deg steps).
The hammer was presented at five orientations (inset of Figure 1B), and subjects performed four trial pairs at each orientation.
However, in the studies mentioned above, the adapting stimulus was presented at one orientation only.
In addition, differential maps (cardinal and oblique) were obtained by subtracting the optical signal at one orientation from the response obtained at the orthogonal orientation (cardinal: 0° 90°; oblique: 45° 135°).
