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We measure LE shares at the grade level instead of the classroom level because classroom composition is endogenous.
Because previous literature has estimated peers at the grade level to mitigate concerns about the sorting of students across classrooms within a given grade, our preferred measure defines peers at the grade level to minimize concerns about sorting across classrooms within a grade as well as for consistency with previous studies.
Typically, the term "proof" must be interpreted in the school context, that is, we are referring to explanations which can give students a meaningful understanding at the grade level in question.
Our preferred estimates show that having peers – defined at the grade level – who are not proficient in English is associated with modestly lower achievement in both reading and mathematics for non-LEP students.
The target population was redefined in the Reading Literacy Study from 1991: "All students attending mainstream schools on a full-time basis at the grade level in which most students were ages 9 00 9 11 years" (Elley, 1994, p. 239).
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clocks in at the lowest grade-level: 7.9 in this Congress.
Compare your coins to photographs of coins at the different grading levels.
All intervention materials are developed at the 9th grade reading level or less.
If the same thing had happened at the higher grade levels in middle class areas the outcry would have been huge.
It guaranteed that a child enrolled in kindergarten this year would be reading at grade-level by the end of the second grade.
The members speaking at the lowest grade levels tend to be freshmen Republicans.
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