Sentence examples for at the fourfold from inspiring English sources

But I'm not so despondent that I can't see any hope for future elections, especially when I look at the fourfold increase in support the Greens have achieved in just four years.

To further investigate other genetic factors in exons, we compared the mutation direction at the fourfold degenerate (FFD) sites, which are largely free from selection, and the non-FFD sites, which are often under selection [ 31, 34, 35].

The observation that the overall substitution behaviour as well as the context-dependent substitution patterns at the fourfold degenerate sites differs between the atpB and the rbcL genes is not surprising as Morton [ 11] already reported that rbcL is the exceptional case in the chloroplast genes in terms of the relationship between context and substitution bias.

In the P. citri mtDNA most genes encoded on the J-strand show a positive GC-skew at the fourfold degenerate third codon position which is inverted to the common pattern and probably indicates a reversal of the control region (Additional file 1).

Third, it may be used to compare the mutation pattern in a variety of specific datasets, such as disease causing mutations, SNPs with rare allele frequencies or common allele frequencies, different SNP types (e.g., C/T polymorphisms, C → T changes), SNPs at the biased codons or at the fourfold degenerate sites, mutation direction asymmetry at two DNA strands (e.g., A → G vs. T → C).

Increases in concentrations of the Tris acetate and phosphate buffer improved the biomass yields, although the total lipid content, the lipid productivity, and the ALA yield were reduced or not changed at the fourfold dose of Tris acetate or the threefold dose of phosphate buffer.

The mutation bias explanation is supported by the existence of directional nucleotide mutation pressure at the fourfold-degenerate third nucleotide sites (FD3rd) in codons [12] [14], and also by the duration of the single-stranded state of the 12 mt protein-coding genes (except for NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6) during replication [12].

The AT skew at fourfold degenerate sites is only positive for nad2 and nad5, but negative for all other protein-coding genes (Additional File 1).

The fourfold dilutions began at 0.25 ng, and eight dilutions were used to generate the standard curve.

Absorbances with LECV antigen of positive samples screened at 1 400 dilution were at least fourfold the absorbance of the negative control.

The frequency of amino acids in proteins encoded by mitochondrial genomes varies substantially among species and correlates with the frequency of the nucleotides at fourfold degenerate sites, i.e. biases in mutation rates cause biases in non-synonymous substitutions as well as synonymous ones.