Sentence examples for at the back surface from inspiring English sources
It is realized by supporting the damper at the back surface of the workpiece.
A velocimetry interferometer has been used to record the material velocity at the back surface of the samples.
Twinning area fraction and dislocation density are higher at the impact surface region than at the back surface due to decay of the elastic precursor and the difference in loading duration.
When the model is applied to CIS and CdTe solar cells as examples, it is found that it is possible to design very thin film solar cells (absorber less than 1 μm thick) with high efficiencies, whenever the recombination velocity at the back surface becomes small (102 cm/s), instead of the high recombination velocities present at ohmic contacts (107 cm/s).
For the electromagnetic device, a higher volume loss was found when we positioned the focal point at the back surface of the stone phantom.
The double-pass thin film assumes perfect antireflection at the front surface of the thin film and perfect reflection at the back surface, such that light passes through the material twice with no light trapping.
Solar cell efficiencies of up to 23% have been demonstrated on high quality n-type c-Si wafers with layers of p-type a-Si H deposited a-Si H front (as the emitter) andepositedatSi:H deposithe at the back (as the back surfrontfield), respectively [1].
At the back surfaces, delaminations and fiber matrix debonding oriented in the fiber directions are observed for unrepaired samples.
The silicon plane mirror was supported at six points on the sample holder which was fixed on the phase shift stage, and the mirror was supported at three points on the back surface, two points on the undersurface, and one point on the side surface.
These monolithically stacked solid-state structures, which absorb strongly in the 500 700 and 600 900 nm ranges provide the supplementary voltage bias needed to sustain the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions, respectively, occurring simultaneously at the catalyzed back surface and the Fe2O3 front surface, respectively.
A very practical scheme requiring a single correction measurement, from the back-surface of the mirror at the incidence point and aligned with the mirror normal, delivers an error reduction typically in excess of 30 dB.
