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Further, the synchronization stage is implemented at sampling time which yields extremely high complexity.
The "effective age" is determined using the radioactive decay equation as per Eq. (2), where A is the groundwater tritium activity measured at sampling time t, Ao is the tritium activity at the time of recharge, and λ is the radioactive decay constant: A = A_{text{o}} {text{e}}^{ - lambda t}.
(8) Note that in the event-triggered scenario, at sampling time instant (tilde{t}_{sigma}), the controller (8) will receive the sampled data and hold unchanged until next event is generated at time instant (tilde{t}_{sigma+1}), that is, there is no new control input updates during two consecutive time instants in sequence χ.
This is because while detection may use an efficient implementation for the FB, synchronization for the conventional receivers requires inefficient processing at sampling time In our analysis, we do not consider the complexity introduced by the subchannel equalizer since it is identical for all structures.
The strains that also express the modified pfkA in combination with the itaconic acid biosynthetic cluster produce significantly higher amounts of itaconic acid (Figure 5) at sampling time point 30 h and 54 h after induction compared to the strains that only harbor the itaconic acid biosynthetic cluster (T-test, p = 0.04 for 30 h and p = 0.003 for 54 h).
To compute ({A_{T}^{n}} left ({t,lambda } right)), a n (i T PRI ), the samples of a n (t) at sampling time i T PRI, are to be used as the inputs for discrete version of Eq. (43) which it is FFT processing.
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In the conditions assayed in these experiments, reliable results of milk FA changes were obtained at sampling times shorter than 21 d.
It is also possible to compute the posterior mean and covariance at non-sampled time points t *, given the noisy observations y at sampled time points t.
The error at sample time k is calculated by [20, 23, 24].
The transmitted single carrier signal at sample time is given by (9).
On the equation, N is the product sample and n(t) are the numbers of failure at samples time.
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