The finite induction time for autoignition results in the hysteretic behavior during the decreasing- and increasing-velocity cycles, which diminishes at lower oscillation frequency as there is more time for chemistry to respond to the hydrodynamic changes and consequently approach steady state.
For the PCR analyses, fluorescence from each sample was measured once each cycle during PCR and plotted against cycle number; the earlier a signal appeared (at a lower cycle number), the higher the concentration of the template.
Post-treatment basal expression of mIL1R2 in steroid responders was detected at a much lower cycle number by Q-RT-PCR than pre-treatment (figure 3B).
When using the Panalok RC anchor (mean failure, 11.2 cycles ± 1.3 cycles) or the 3.5-mm Panalok anchor (mean failure, 12.5 cycles ± 2.4 cycles), constructs failed at significantly lower cycles than other comparable anchor-suture constructs (P <.00007 in all cases).
At lower duty cycles (below 15% duty cycle), not enough nitrogen was available to allow the formation of expanded austenite, while higher duty cycles led to a reduced layer thickness caused by higher sputtering induced by the increased ion bombardment itself.
At high enough crack growth rates, at lower temperatures, cycle dependent crack growth processes can outstrip crack-tip oxidation processes.
The initial in inconsistency of the stress softening observed at lower strain cycles (0-8 Hz) may be related to slippage or destabilization of the crystalline/ordered phases within the composites similar to Mullin's effect which is basically filler-matrix breakages (Mullins, 1969) and occurs at higher deformation.
EDS results showed more alumina particles can be incorporated at lower duty cycles.
Therefore comparing to structures with one stage of D C L unit, it will be feasible to achieve supposed voltage gain at lower duty cycles.
The protective coatings treated at lower duty cycles had higher corrosion resistance during long time immersion in sodium chloride solution due to more compact microstructural features.
