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Each participating hospital monitored at least two procedures of interest.
First step: The attainable scientific data on which the comparative evaluation of at least two procedures is based (database) are elucidated.
Through 2009 hospitals were required to submit data from at least one of the surgical procedures under surveillance, and from 2010 and onwards at least two procedures [ 3].
In order to evaluate the robustness of the results, missing data will be addressed by using at least two procedures (e.g. complete case analyses, imputation by expectation-maximization, multiple imputation by chained equations), depending on the outcome and the patterns in the missing data.
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At least five procedures of each participating surgeon were supervised by an instructor surgeon.
At least twenty procedures must have been performed by participating gynaecologists to eliminate a learning curve effect.
At least twenty procedures must have been performed by participating gynecologists to eliminate a learning curve effect.
The entry criterion for thoracic surgery departments to be members of the group was to have performed at least five procedures of lung metastasectomy for colorectal carcinoma annually during the period 2005 2007.
Surgeons participating in the HEALTH trial are asked to meet both of the following two criteria of expertise for either THA or HA: (1) Perform at least 50 procedures (either THA or HA) in their career (including residency experience in which they assumed responsibility for the procedure), and (2) perform at least five procedures per year.
Among the 82 patients who felt pain during at least one procedure, both CT (0.9±4.5) and MRI (5.2±16.6) were significantly less painful than Angio (24.6±23.4, both p<0.001).
Among the 82 patients (74%) who felt pain during at least one procedure, both MSCT (0.9±4.5) and MRI (5.2±16.6) were experienced as significantly less painful than Angio (24.6±23.4, p<0.001, Figure 1A).
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