Exact(8)
For 2% acid, increasing amounts of enzyme for co-hydrolysis increased xylose yields from near 0%to3%3% for materials pretreated at log CS 1.5, but had little effect on materials pretreated at higher severity.
Running the first step at lower severity (mainly lower temperature) and the second step at higher severity (higher temperature) results in increased hemicellulose recovery and improved enzymatic digestibility of the cellulose from the recalcitrant structure of lignocellulosics.
Results for the less severe pretreatment conditions are depicted in the left half of the figures, and those from the more optimal pretreatment conditions at higher severity are shown on the right.
In spite of the rather high enzyme loadings, corresponding to about 70 FPU/g original glucan in the unpretreated material, the effect of different pretreatment severities was clearly distinguishable, as sugar yields from co-hydrolysis were consistently higher at higher severity and more favourable pretreatment conditions.
For the 2% sulfuric acid pretreatment, adding more enzyme increased glucose yields for co-hydrolysis from 8%to29%9% for the material pretreated at lower severity, and from 6%to42%2% for material pretreated at higher severity, versus corresponding increases from 14%to3535% and 15%to54%4% for SPEH.
The second step is then performed at higher severity to open up the structure of the cellulose and make it more accessible to enzymes, in the case of the enzymatic process, or to hydrolyze the cellulose in the case of the acid hydrolysis process.
Similar(52)
The existing technique appears to work well at higher severities of fluorosis.
XMG recovery was above 90% for FT pretreatment below 4.1 severity but decreased at higher severities, particularly for bagasse.
Steam explosion also resulted in a loss of mass (Table 1) which was generally greater at higher severities.
The results (Fig. 1), show that at higher severities, the fibres become less clearly defined and thinner.
Comparing total sugar yields from co-hydrolysis with those from SPEH found that yield differences became more pronounced at higher severities, solids loadings and acid concentrations.
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