The phrase "at expansion" is not commonly used in written English and may not be clear without context.
It could be used in contexts related to growth, development, or increase, particularly in business or economics.
Example: "The company is currently focused on strategies at expansion to increase its market share."
Alternatives: "during expansion" or "in the process of expansion".
Notably, while SQ AT expansion is associated with diminished risk, expansion of visceral AT is associated with increased risk of metabolic disease [ 15].
The marked upregulation of IGFBP5 seen in AT from pregnant women supports a similar role for the IGF-1 signalling pathway in adult AT expansion.
The concurrent expression of IGFBP5 in AT and secretion of PAPP-A by the placenta suggests a mechanism whereby the local concentration of IGF-1 increasedsed in AT through interaction with IGFBP5 and release in response to PAPP-A secretion, thereby coordinating placental function with maternal AT expansion (Fig. 4).
Obese individuals are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), a consequence of adipose tissue (AT) expansion and subsequent dysfunction [ 1, 2].
The fact that not all AT expansion is necessarily associated with pathological changes makes us rethink our understanding towards obesity.
NR undoubtedly represents the most efficient strategy reducing visceral AT, suggesting an inverse relationship between AT expansion and lifespan.
Abnormalities in this mechanism could potentially lead to impaired AT expansion and to lipotoxicity and metabolic disruption manifesting as GDM.
Previous studies from our group identified IGFBP4 as a potential key factor in AT expansion in response to a high-fat diet in mice [ 49].
Another major hallmark of AT expansion is an increase in circulating FFA levels, because of elevated lipolysis, and their uptake by the muscle, liver and pancreatic cells.
One clear link between AT expansion and etiology of diseases like T2D and cancer is the development of insulin resistance (IR) and hyperinsulinemia.
The induction of adipose tissue IGFBP5 in pregnancy and its decrease in GDM point to the importance of the IGF-1 signalling pathway in AT expansion in pregnancy and GDM susceptibility.
