As shown in Table 3, substantial levels of agreement between the methods applied at different space scales were observed for TTHMs and HAA9.
For each of the nine distribution systems under study, important differences were observed between the subject's exposure classification in the two methods based on the closest sampling site, but at a different space scale (methods C and E).
The procedure is applied on two different space scales.
It is subject to hydraulic head and pressure fluctuations at different space and time scales, causing dynamic and heterogeneous flow patterns.
There is a wealth of studies dealing with the reconstruction of past environmental changes and their effects on vegetation composition in NW Iberia, but none of them have focused specifically on the post-disturbance dynamics (i.e. the type of response) of the vegetation at different space and time scales.
To be able to accommodate a wide range of models targeted at different space and time scales, 12 categories were set up for the experiment, with four testing classes (1 day, 3 months, 1 year, and 3 years, respectively) and three testing regions, namely "All Japan," "Mainland," and "Kanto" (Fig. 1).
To obtain a description of the different mechanisms governing the behavior and causality relations among the various parts of a living system, mathematical models at different space and time scales are required [ 3].
It is coming nowadays more clear that in order to obtain a unified description of the different mechanisms governing the behavior and causality relations among the various parts of a living system, the development of comprehensive computational and mathematical models at different space and time scales is required.
The scale problems in hydrology and other geophysical sciences stem from the recognition that the mathematical relationships describing a physical phenomenon are mostly scale dependent in the sense that different relationships manifest at different space-time scales.
The vegetation showed gradual, threshold and elastic responses to these drivers, at different space (local vs. regional) and time scales, revealing a complex ecological history.
