Besides a species factor, we included in the model elevation and the interaction between elevation and species to establish whether differences among species would change at different elevations around the head (Fig. 3 shows an example of the coordinate system used).
In the traditional farming system of the Himalayan Hindu-Kush region of Northern Pakistan, different types of fodder trees and shrubs are found at different elevations and sites and are used differently by various landowning and landless social segments.
The wide elevational distribution of P. w. bulomachus may provide a good system for addressing how divergent selection pressures posed by a steep elevational gradient may drive adaptive differentiation between populations living at different elevations.
However, there long has been an active trade network within the region, with footpaths connecting villages at different elevations.
The plateau is actually a series of plateaus at different elevations arranged in a stairstep sequence through faulting.
Descending from the rocky highlands westward toward the coastal plain is a stretch of farmlands, with different crops cultivated at different elevations.
On a mountain, plant and animal species vary at different elevations as well as among the north, south, east, and west slopes.
One way of adapting to climate change already under way in the Douro region, he noted, is to grow grapes at different elevations.
In the mid-nineteen-seventies, Bradshaw and Holzapfel demonstrated that Wyeomyia smithii living at different elevations also obey different light cues high-altitude mosquitoes behave as if they were born farther north—a discues high-altitudemosquitoes relatively unremarkabehavet as the tife was sufficientheynotewerehy to make the cover of Nature.
Second, even where their ranges overlap, as in parts of Sichuan Province, the two species breed at different elevations: the Sichuan bush warbler nests on lower mountainsides (fig. 4, left) whilst the russet bush warbler nests at higher altitudes (fig. 4, right).
Data collected using hypsometers, wire sounders, echo sounders, and satellite-based altimeters is used to quantify the distribution of land at different elevations across a given area and the surface-area distribution of the oceans and their marginal seas with depth.
