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This task has already been validated at construct level for zebrafish [29] [31] and recent pharmacological data also give a robust support for its predictive validity [41].
Reliability at construct level assesses whether the indicators consistently represent the same construct and the relevance of systematic errors.
At construct level, composite reliability was considered, that measures whether the indicators consistently represent the same construct and the systematic error is considered to be zero.
13 Variances specific to one indicator and covariances shared by some, but not all, indicators are part of the latent construct; only random variances are treated as error at construct level.
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Rasch analyses provided probabilistic results over large item and person groups, enabling meaningful inferences from patterns of responses at the construct level.
Moreover, the AVE values of all items at the construct level are found to be more than 0.50.
Our aim during the second step was to conduct a review at the construct level in order to identify possible patterns indicating where changes might have occurred.
At the construct level, discriminant validity was assessed by comparing the square root of the AVE for the given construct with the correlations between that construct and all other constructs.
During the second results-summarization step (taken with the aim of reviewing the results at the construct level), we recorded only the 82 instances of the 3,480 correlations where the absolute differences between the correlation coefficients exceeded 0.03.
The first step towards the development of a coherent body of research is to have a clear and explicit definition at the construct level, that is, to delineate the concept under study (Cohen 1991).
Therefore, our results demonstrate that most of the instrument's dimensions showed reliability at both the item and construct level (Maroco & Garcia-Marques, 2006).
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com