The majority of the variance (65%) occurred at the individual level, with 32% at the household level, 2.4% at LSOA level and 1.4% at unitary authority level.
They will be counted at local authority level, and were are in negotiations at the moment on their breakdown".
He says action is needed at EU level, to set and enforce tough vehicle emissions standards, at national level, to reform tax incentives for diesels, and at local authority level, to create low emissions zones.
"There are no silver bullets". He says action is needed at EU level, to set and enforce tough vehicle emissions standards, at national level, to reform tax incentives for diesels, and at local authority level, to create low emissions zones.
Some of these easy detection methods at the consumer level and state of the art techniques at the authority level can bring this problem to an end for the victims, including millions of children in the developing countries.
At local authority level, education and children's social services will be amalgamated.
The study involved in-depth interviews with 70 education professionals in 14 schools and colleges in West Yorkshire and London, and eight Prevent practitioners at local authority level.
At local authority level the new exams have shaken up positions compared with the previous system, with the distribution of results resulting in fewer areas receiving top results, and many more clustered around the national average.
A mix of budget cuts, merging of services at local authority level, and greater independence for schools with the rise of academies and free schools, he says, mean "the job [of an education welfare officer] has become impossible".
Sir Nigel, 54, started his career in community work at local authority level and worked his way up through learning disability organisations to become a chief executive of a hospital trust, before taking on responsibility for the NHS in London.
