Sentence examples for at a given population from inspiring English sources

Although the time for convergence was relatively short (40 viral generations), several populations experienced no significant increases or decreases in fitness over all replicates at a given population size, suggesting that those population were at or near an equilibrium fitness value.

Irrespective of the mechanism, the proportion of fighters expressed at a given population density was observed to evolve rapidly.

Registry-based methods are suitable for evaluating time-trends of occurrence at a given population but for international comparisons they face serious limitations.

In order to obtain the temporal sequence in which attractors are most likely reached, it is necessary to repeatedly multiply the Markov matrix M by the vector

The difference between the three has to do with the "selective agent" (that is at work within a given population) that causes individuals to have differential reproductive success: in artificial selection the agent is the breeder; in sexual selection, usually the female; in natural selection, the environment.

Obviously there must be an optimal threshold, at least for a given population measured on a given machine by the same observer.

At the level of individual spawning populations, nonretention mortality may exert stabilizing, disruptive, or directional selection, depending on the length distribution and morphology (girth at length) of a given population.

The combination of alleles typed in each locus provides an exclusive genetic profile with a high power of discrimination for each individual, i.e. the probability of being able to discriminate between two people chosen at random from a given population [ 3].

The biomass median measures the average distance from the substrate at which cells of a given population are found; if populations are well-mixed the medians will be the same, and if they are stratified one median will be significantly larger than the other.

Variation in the availability, depletion time, and distribution of such resources is, thus, hypothesized to be a major factor explaining the observed variation in the rate at which individuals of a given population interact agonistically (van Schaik 1989; Isbell 1991).

As we considered bi-allelic QTL, the breeding value for a trait at a QTL in a given population was equal to −2 pα for homozygous genotype 00, (1  − 2 p) α for heterozygote 01 and 2(1 - p) α for homozygote 11, where p was the frequency of allele 1 in the population and α the substitution effect of the QTL for the corresponding trait.