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It is only by including polycrystalline structure and corresponding anisotropic properties we can explain the failure modes which are commonly observed, where the failure happens away from the via at a certain grain boundary location within the metal line as in Ref. (Sukharev et al. 2009; Fischer et al. 2001; Baklanov et al. 2012.
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Flannery O'Connor said, and I'll quote: "There is a certain grain of stupidity that the writer of fiction can hardly do without, and this is the quality of having to stare, of not getting the point at once".
With me in that Bundesbahn car, which had, I suppose, survived the war within me was a certain grain of discontentment.
The experimental results showing that discontinuous nanograin growth takes place at a certain temperature and grain growth rate decreases monotonically with time confirm our thermodynamics-based description of nanograin growth characteristics.
Retardations in the local crack growth rate were observed in certain grains and at certain grain boundaries.
According to the etching of ZnO single crystals in acid craters develop at certain grain boundaries.
At thin section scale, certain grain boundary geometries are compatible with original detrital grain boundaries but not with formation by fracturing or shearing.
It is expected that the grain size of levitation dust at a certain position in the lunar orbit depends on the grain size of regolith materials at the nadir.
Below a certain critical grain size, the martensitic transformation was completely suppressed in the austenite grain.
The researchers were probably lucky to stumble onto the effect, as it likely works only for certain grain sizes and cylinder sizes, says Stephan Koehler, a physicist at Worcester Polytechnic Institute in Massachusetts.
The seeded template refers to the nanosize grain-consisting ZnO layer after annealing at a certain temperature.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com