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The model assuming selection on SDHA was statistically supported over the model of neutrality (p = 5.3 × 10-3; Table 6).
We carried out the simulations on the global data set, including all four populations, using stringent criteria, assuming selection to be 10%.
Assuming selection acts generally to streamline genomes, UIR would be pruned where possible and would therefore vary across lineages, according to function and the efficacy of selection.
If the gene is present on all copies of the Y, the equilibrium is the same as for an autosomal locus (assuming selection does not differ between the sexes).
Loci experiencing balancing selection (which maintains variation) should have larger amounts of polymorphism within populations and smaller amounts among populations than neutral loci (assuming selection pressures are similar between populations), whereas the opposite pattern is expected for loci experiencing directional selection [ 27].
Using the mean value of I in Table 2, heritability of relative fitness would need to be >0.07 (0.3/4.5) for males and >0.09 (0.3/3.5) for females to explain the 30% fitness decline, assuming selection attributed to the hatchery operated directly on the 'trait' of relative fitness in the wild.
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Forward simulations: in the current version of the program, the time-forward simulations to generate the trajectory of the selected allele assume selection at a single locus with two alleles A and a.
The second column assumes selection into a homogeneous treatment.
For example, reviewed studies making use of methods that assume selection on observables rarely used findings from prior research or expert advice to establish the causal pathway between interventions and outcomes.
They assumed selection to act either on offspring [24] [26] or on parents [25], and that the interaction coefficients were evolutionarily fixed (i.e., constant strengths of indirect genetic effects).
Therefore, we assume selection bias to be limited.
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