We also assumed that symptomatic individuals spontaneously limit their school/work attendance.
Finally, we assume that symptomatic individuals are detected at the end of each day.
GLEaM assumes that symptomatic individuals avoid traveling with probability 1- p t = 0.5 [ 18, 43], whereas the agent-based considers the reduction of school and work attendance [ 5, 6, 8] (see the Additional File 1 for details).
Although blood analysis may be one tool for examining ongoing exposure, assuming that symptomatic individuals will show elevated blood-Hg concentrations based on a single sample may lead to misdiagnosis and misclassification of exposure.
If we assume that symptomatic cases consist of all smear positive cases and between 10%40%% of smear negative TB cases, using the WHO estimated incidence rate of all cases (239/100,000) and the estimated smear positive incidence (108/100,000) for Indonesia [ 8], the estimated incidence for all symptomatic cases is between 121 and 160 per 100,000 population.
We assumed that all symptomatic infections in children and adolescents led to some medical care.
An individual is assumed to become symptomatic 48 hours after being infected (cf. [3] who use 1.9 days).
The assumption that all RAF personnel were initially susceptible led to a significantly worse model fit, and if all infections were additionally assumed to be symptomatic, the model was unable to adequately reproduce observed epidemic behaviour (See Appendix S1).
We developed a model that distinguishes between three types of infections: infections in immunologically naive individuals (i.e. primary infections), infections in individuals whose immune system has been primed before by vaccination or infection (i.e. recidive infections), and asymptomatic infections (note that all primary and recidive infections were assumed to be symptomatic).
Here, we assumed that only infectious symptomatic individuals who become infectious at the end of incubation period transmit.
