The power of the study of this clinical feature in our population to detect an association equivalent to that previously reported by Wipff et al. is 95%, at the 5% significance level.
The PAH+ cohort studied in this report reached a 95% estimated statistical power to detect an association equivalent to that observed by Wipff et al. within this subgroup (OR, 0.47, in the comparison between PAH+ SSc patients and controls of the discovery phase and two replication steps [ 11]).
Chatani considers metropole-colony linkages, revealing the core characteristics of the Japanese Empire; discusses youth mobilization, analyzing the Japanese seinendan (village youth associations) as equivalent to the Boy Scouts or the Hitler Youth; and examines society and individual subjectivities under totalitarian rule.
The hypothesis of no association is equivalent to testing if b = 0.
Note that the term 'correlation' (referring to Pearson's correlation) is often used in place of 'association' when both considered variables are continuous and that 'no association' is equivalent to 'no correlation' in the special case of Gaussian variables.
Nonetheless, with these SNPs, two-thirds of the SNPs are in high LD (r > 0.8) with a SNP genotyped in HapMap (Pe'er et al. 2006); with this in mind, power to capture a truly contributory variant by indirect association is equivalent to genotyping a sample 2,823 individuals.
Hyten et al. reported that the LD is highly complex in soybean and they suggested that in addition to a large number of SNP markers, soybean would require a soybean haplotype map for whole-genome association analysis, equivalent to that of the human HapMap project.
Predicting microRNA-disease associations on the basis of a microRNA-disease association network is equivalent to predicting associations in a social network.
Older female runners tended to have the greatest beneficial impact, although these associations were statistically equivalent to differences in male runners and controls (p = 0.51).
In our field survey, we recognized three facies associations: "massive facies" (equivalent to "dense flow deposits" in Kelfoun et al. 2009), "proximal cross-stratified facies" and "distal cross-stratified facies" (later on, Ma, P- Xst and D- Xst, respectively).
