Our fine-mapping effort revealed evidence that one height locus at chromosome 17q23.2 appears to consist of two associations spanning multiple regions of linkage disequilibrium in our sample of African American individuals.
In total the database contains 88 of high-confidence associations spanning 27 genes and six drugs or drug families: Fluoroquinolones, Ethambutol, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Rifampicin and Streptomycin.
In this study, we did detect a cluster of associations spanning a physical region of 1.2 Mb (1.2-2.4 1.2-2.4und three Rhg1 genes that were found to contribute to SCN resistance [ 51].
These associations spanned all profiled modulators and immune cell subsets.These results demonstrate that SCNP, a systems-based approach, can capture the complexity of the cellular mechanisms underlying immunological aging.
Haplotype associations spanned three general regions of the PTGER3 gene; two of these regions were significant only in the Cenn study and one of these regions was significant only in the Moba study (Figure 3A, Table S5); however, taken together they both support the association of this gene with PTB.
Effect sizes of the mid 95% of these associations spanned −2.4 to 1.9 cm.
Areas with significant associations spanned from near the northern boundary of the study region to the southern boundary.
Additionally, GWAS often have association signals spanning many genes, which results in several potential gene candidates that cannot be narrowed down using GWAS alone.
Many candidate-gene studies and a single genome-wide association study spanning the pre-cART and cART eras, primarily focusing on HAD with or without HIV encephalitis, have identified variants in immune-regulatory genes and other gene classes as potential risk-modifiers or protective factors, but very few of these genes have been replicated in subsequent studies (Table 1) [ 31, 32].
Several significant haplotype associations, mostly spanning two areas of the TFPI gene, were identified (Figure 2).
A 11q13.4 Amerindian ancestry association region spans a variant that was previously reported (p-value = 0.001) in a targeted association study of Blood Pressure (BP) traits and variants in the vitamin D pathway.
