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They found that although the animals' arthritic inflammations and associated bone destruction largely disappeared, the skin lesions were still present, though milder.
Induction of arthritis in WT mice led to severe local joint inflammation, characterized by pronounced cellular infiltration and osteoclast recruitment with associated bone destruction compared to PBS control knees (Figure 1A,B and 2A,B).
However, there was no associated bone destruction.
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Thus, it is of key interest whether Treg cells affect inflammatory-associated bone destruction.
However, differences of similar magnitude have previously been shown to be of biological relevance for RA-associated bone destruction [ 6].
In experimental bone metastasis, the injection of cancer cells in Src null mice shows that these animals are protected from tumor-associated bone destruction because Src-defective osteoclasts do not resorb bone [ 19].
It is likely that, taken as a whole, Foxp3+ Treg cells exert inhibitory effects on inflammatory-associated bone destruction, but it is important to consider the possibility that the characteristics of Treg cells are affected by the specific microenvironment such as autoimmune inflammation, as described above.
Exclusion criteria were skeletally mature patients at first presentation, polio and cerebral palsy patients, associated bone deformity or joint destruction, epiphyseal injuries causing deformity and open or infected wounds.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterised by inflammation of joint synovial tissue and deformity and destruction of associated bone, cartilage and soft tissues.
An AL was defined as an abnormality in the discovertebral junction that shows on MRI diffuse endplate destruction, with associated bone marrow edema and fat replacement or sclerosis [ 12].
The purpose of this study was to determine the expression of receptor activator of NFκB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) associated with bone destruction in periapical cysts and granulomas.
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