Coles, S. L. & Riegl, B. M. Thermal tolerances of reef corals in the Gulf: A review of the potential for increasing coral survival and adaptation to climate change through assisted translocation.
Four strategies have been used for enhancing the secretory production of target proteins, i.e., selection of the signal peptide, coexpression of proteins to assist translocation and folding, improvement of periplasmic release, and protection of target proteins from degradation and contamination (Yoon et al. 2010).
As reviewed by Papisov et al., the evidence shows that drugs administered via the CSF are subject to "pulsation assisted translocation … into the perivascular space" [ 205].
Since BiP has multiple roles in ER lumen, which include assisting protein translocation and folding, sensing ER stress, and promoting ERAD, perhaps SIL1 and HYOU1 perform BiP nucleotide exchange factor function under different scenarios (2).
SecA is a multidomain ATPase, which binds to nascent outer membrane proteins after their synthesis in the cytoplasm, assisting their translocation through the SecYEG translocon in the cytoplasmic membrane (Driessen & Nouwen, 2007; Gelis et al., 2007; Papanikou et al., 2007; Rapoport, 2007).
Clusters of rare codons were also found downstream the binding sites for the "signal recognition particle" (SRP), which assist protein translocation across membranes [ 29].
The terminase is the motor component that assists the translocation of viral genomic DNA to the inner of the capsid during packaging via ATP hydrolysis.
The PPXD has been proposed to assist in translocation by successively trapping and releasing polypeptide in the clamp during ATP hydrolysis, together with the concerted insertion and retraction of the 2HF [ 7, 21].
In vitro, the cytokines TNF-α and IL-6, as well as the chemokines IL-8 and MIP-1α/CCL3 can activate and assist the translocation of the transcription factor nuclear factor (NF -κB iNF -κBcytes or macrophages [ 17].
The MHC primers developed herein could be used in these related species to help understand functional genetic variation in these populations and assist in translocation planning and monitoring to ensure adequate supertype variation is retained in both donor and translocated populations.
