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If the upper boundary for the highest category was not provided, the assigned mean value was 25% higher than the lower boundary of that category.
If the lower boundary for the lowest category was not provided, the assigned mean value was one-half of the upper boundary of that category.
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We assigned mean values for each exposure category in the original questionnaire response and simply summed up all three types of exposure years.
For an acceptable level of precision, the mean anti-PA IgG concentrations for three separate quality control sera were required to calculate within 3 standard deviations (SDs) of their assigned mean concentrations; at least two of the mean anti-PA IgG concentrations for these sera were required to be within 2 SDs of their respective assigned mean values.
The nahcolite proxy is based on well-described mineral phase equilibria52, but we exclude the published estimates because it is not possible to assign mean values (all values within a defined CO2 interval are equally probable).
It would not be possible to directly determine whether individuals were correctly assigned according to their "true" and unobserved distribution in the population; however, if surrogate categories were correctly assigned, the mean value of each category should increase monotonically from the lowest to the highest exposure category.
To properly normalize the reflectance values, the maximum signal was assigned a mean value of 1. Normalizing on the maximum SPR responses was to compare different array chips.
Accessible depth was limited to the top 6500 m and recoverability factor, R, was assigned a mean value of 0.14 as recommended by the protocol.
To a missing response we assigned a mean value of that particular question.
The questionnaire was accepted if ≥ 7 of the 11 questions were answered; to which any unanswered questions were assigned the mean value of that particular question.
For norm-based scoring the results of the norm sample in the eight dimensions are assigned a mean value of 50 and a standard deviation of 10.
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