When renal denervation efficacy was assessed, using measurements of the spillover of norepinephrine from the renal sympathetic nerves to plasma, the only test validated to this point, denervation was found to be incomplete and nonuniform between patients.
Intra-platform reproducibility was assessed using measurements from all available targets.
Baseline CD4-cell counts and HIV-RNA measurements were assessed using measurements closest to, and no longer than, six months prior to baseline.
Differences in PFS were assessed using measurements of angiogenic factors expressed both as a continuous variable and dichotomised at the median to distinguish high and low groups.
(C) The size of the Ret-expressing brachial MN pools was assessed using measurements with Image J of Ret ISH staining intensity along the orange dotted line at C7 level.
Reliability for items assessed using measurement instruments and recorded on a numerical scale, for example, grip strength, was generally higher than for items requiring observers to make judgements and interpret participants' responses.
Drug-induced apoptotic cell death was assessed using measurement of apoptotic cells by flow cytometry (sub-G1 analysis of propidium iodide stained cells) and Western blot analysis of PARP cleavage.
Reliability of hippocampal measurements was assessed using averaged measurements from each individual observer to calculate the coefficient of variation (CoV) for intra-rater and interrater measurements.
Tumor vascularity was assessed using US-NIR measurements of total hemoglobin (tHb), oxygenated (oxyHb) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (deoxyHb) concentrations acquired before treatment.
The images were objectively assessed using elementary measurements and comprehensive statistical methods for superimposition, shape description, and structuring.
Clinical response at 6 months was assessed using radiologic measurements and symptom report, but was not part of this analysis.
