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Borenstein et al. reported on 31 individuals who received longitudinal lumbar MRI assessments separated by 7 years, where incident symptoms were assessed using a single questionnaire recalling symptoms over the 7 years prior [ 27].
Apparent fibre/matrix adhesion was assessed using a single fibre pull-out test and a single fibre fragmentation test.
Confidence was assessed using a single question that asked participants "if you decided to quit smoking, how confident are you that you could quit?" Participants marked their answers on a 1-10 scale from 1 "not confident" to 10 "very confident".
Fourth, albuminuria was assessed using a single specimen.
‡ The variable Habit was assessed using a single item.
Self-reported state of teeth was assessed using a single question.
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Rodent forelimb reaching behaviors are commonly assessed using a single-pellet reach-to-grasp task.
The degree to which participants liked the storefronts they viewed was assessed using a single-item measured on a seven-point Likert scale (1 = I disliked it very much, 7 = I liked it very much).
Cardiorespiratory fitness will be assessed using a single-stage submaximal treadmill walking test [ 97].
Smoking was assessed using a single-item question: "Do you smoke?".
Self-rated dental health was assessed using a single-item global rating.
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