The assembly, bundling and stability of microtubules depend on the activity of various microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) and their regulatory kinases and phosphatases (Sedbrook 2004; Amos and Schlieper 2005).
This also had no effect on assembly or bundle formation.
Italiano JE, Roberts TM, Stewart M, Fontana CA. Reconstitution in vitro of the motile apparatus from the amoeboid sperm of Ascaris shows that filament assembly and bundling move membranes.
By driving actin filament assembly and bundling, respectively, mDia1 and α-catenin diminish cellular pools of G-actin to activate SRF, which in turn induces the expression of Egr1.
In the system containing the EMPs, hydroxyapatite (HAP) with hierarchical lamellar nanostructure can be formed and the aligned HAP assembly tightly bundled by 3 4 rod-like nanocrystals like an enamel prism.
The assembly of bundles might be an intrinsic property of bacterial actin because potassium and sodium are the most abundant cations in bacterial cells.
In contrast, MamK from AMB-1 polymerized at high concentrations of KCl, and efficient assembly into bundles was observed at 150 mmol/L KCl (Ozyamak et al., 2013b).
It has also been widely reported to induce extensive polymerization of microtubules, and their assembly into bundles and/or asters (e.g., [4], [9] [15]), particularly at higher concentrations.
APC is a multifunctional protein, influencing both microtubule assembly and bundling [61] as well as actin polymerization and cell polarity [62].
We next investigated the expression and localization of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), a scaffolding protein that regulates β-catenin metabolism [32] but is also involved in a broad range of other, β-catenin independent processes such as regulation of microtubule assembly and bundling [33].
