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The determination of siderophores in liquid cultures was performed using the Chrome azurol S (CAS) assay solution described by Schwyn and Neilands [ 56].
Intermediate precision was evaluated by assaying solutions on different days.
All samples were added as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solutions to assay solutions, and all determinations were performed in triplicate (N = 3).
After drying, samples were redissolved with 5 ml distilled water as assay solution and used for assays of trehalose.
Then, 100 mg of 5-sulfosalicylic were added to the CAS assay solution and stored in the dark.
The increase in fluorescence intensity is directly proportional to the amount of Cu2+ added to the assay solution.
Coating antigen: SSd BSA; blocked with 1% BSA; assay solution of 0.05 M carbonate buffer solution (pH 9.6); Color reagent: TMB.
The percentage of siderophore units was estimated as the proportion of CAS color shift using the formula [(Ar − As)/(Ar)] × 100, where Ar is the A630 nm of the reference sample (TSB + CAS assay solution + shuttle solution) and As is the A630 nm of the sample (supernatant + CAS assay solution + shuttle solution).
In order to quantify the siderophores, 0.5 ml of the culture supernatant was mixed with 0.5 ml from the prepared CAS assay solution.
The assay solution was added to the ethanol-extracted supernatant and incubated at 37°C for 15 min, and 2 mL of 12N H2SO4 was added to stop the reaction.
It showed the theoretical lowest limit of detection enabled by the affinity of the anti-OTA antibody (IC80 = 12 ng L−1 in the assay solution).
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