The last three questions asked about the usual intake of fruits, vegetables, and added fats.
The six-item questionnaire asked about the monthly intake of different fruits (four items, e.g. apple, fruit juice) and vegetables (two items: raw and cooked vegetables).
To assess the participants' diet, we used semiquantitative questionnaires on food frequency that asked about the average intake of more than 130 individual food items and 22 individual beverages during the previous year.
We asked about the habitual intake of alcohol during the year preceding the start of the study, measured by six items: (1) beer; (2) red wine; (3) white wine; (4) sherry and other fortified wines; (5) liquor types containing on average 16% alcohol; and (6) (Dutch) gin, brandy, and whisky.
Each participant's diet was assessed with a questionnaire that asked about the frequency of intake of 139 foods over the last year.
In the main questionnaire the participants were, among other things, asked about the frequency of intake of different types of alcoholic beverages (low alcohol beer, medium-strong beer, strong beer, wine, dessert wine and spirits) as well as on intake of high-sugar containing food.
In 1999 2000 all adults age 20+ were asked about the frequency of their milk intake at ages 5 12 years.
In the ABCD study, maternal alcohol intake was measured (on average) at the 16th week of gestation within the pregnancy questionnaire by asking about the alcohol intake in the previous week.
At inclusion, the caregivers were asked about the patient's current average daily intake of alcohol.
